For the previous three a long time, Vipan Kumar has been importing Himalayan pink salt from Pakistan to promote in India.
Nonetheless, New Delhi banned the import of all Pakistani items, together with these routed via third nations, after the killing of 26 folks, largely Indian vacationers, in Pahalgam in Indian-administered Kashmir in April. Kumar, the 50-year-old dealer based mostly in Amritsar in Punjab, the religious hub of Sikhs in India, advised Al Jazeera that the ban has introduced his enterprise to a screeching halt.
Kumar says he sometimes offered 2,000 to 2,500 tonnes of pink salt each quarter. “The revenue margin could be very skinny, however nonetheless, the enterprise is possible due to the majority gross sales. However the ban has fully halted the pink salt enterprise. We don’t know when the scenario would flip regular,” he advised Al Jazeera.
Himalayan pink salt has a pinkish tint as a result of a hint of minerals, together with iron, and is utilized in cooking, ornamental lamps and spa therapies. Hindus additionally want to make use of this salt throughout their non secular fasts as it’s a non-marine salt.
Mined in Pakistan
The Himalayan pink salt is mined on the Khewra Salt Mine within the Punjab province of Pakistan, the second-largest salt mine on the planet after the Sifto Salt Mine in Ontario, Canada. Khewra is situated about 250km (155 miles) from the town of Lahore, which additionally at occasions lends its title to the pink salt – Lahori namak, which is Hindi for salt.
The salt mine comprises about 82 million metric tonnes of salt, and 0.36 million metric tonnes are extracted yearly. About 70 % of the salt is used for industrial functions, and the remainder is for edible use.
“The mine could be very scenic and attracts a number of thousand vacationers yearly,” Fahad Ali, a journalist who lives near the mine, advised Al Jazeera.
It has roughly 30 salt processing items, the place the large rock salt boulders are hand-mined and loaded on vehicles earlier than being dispatched, he stated.
The salt is exported in a uncooked type to India, the place importers course of, grind and pack it on the market.
Costs swell
India largely relies on Pakistan for this pink salt.
However after the Pahalgam killings, India introduced an finish to all commerce with Pakistan, which reciprocated the ban. The halt in commerce was certainly one of a sequence of diplomatic and financial tit-for-tat measures the neighbours took towards one another earlier than an intense four-day change of missiles and drones, which took the 2 nations to the cusp of a full-fledged battle.
On Might 10, they stepped again from the brink, agreeing to a truce. Nonetheless, the commerce ban stays in place.
Salt merchants in India advised Al Jazeera that the present pause in imports has began to hamper their enterprise as costs are beginning to rise.
“It has been barely over a month because the announcement of the ban, and costs have already gone up,” stated Gurveen Singh, an Amritsar-based dealer, who blamed merchants with current shares for promoting them at larger costs.
“The salt, which was offered within the retail marketplace for 45 rupees to 50 rupees per kilogramme [$0.53 to $0.58] earlier than the ban is now being offered for no less than 60 rupees per kilogramme [$0.70],” Singh stated.
In some locations, the value is even larger. In Kolkata this week, pink salt was being offered in markets for between 70 and 80 rupees per kg [$0.82 to $0.93].
“We don’t know when the scenario would return to regular. There can be full disaster as soon as the shares get exhausted,” he stated.
The charges, nonetheless, go up much more on the opposite aspect of India, within the east, as a result of the price of transporting the salt from Amritsar.
Merchants in Kolkata advised Al Jazeera that the costs of the salt have gone up by 15-20 % within the metropolis, however that has not but hampered demand.
“The Himalayan rock salt stays in enormous demand throughout the yr, particularly throughout festivals when folks stay on quick and like the pink salt over the marine salt that’s produced in India,” stated Sanjay Agarwal, a supervisor in a personal agency that offers in pink salt.
Dinobondhu Mukherjee, a salt dealer in Kolkata, stated that the federal government ought to search for another nation to obtain this salt. “The relations between the 2 nations are normally strained, and that impacts the commerce. Our authorities ought to search for different nations to obtain the salt in order that the availability chain is rarely disrupted,” Mukherjee advised Al Jazeera.
Pakistani exporters, nonetheless, stated that the Indian ban would have a “constructive impression” on their commerce. Indian merchants, they stated, model their salt as their very own to promote on the worldwide market at larger costs.
“The latest ban would assist us to develop additional as it might wipe off the competitors from India,” Faizan Panjwani, the chief working officer of the Karachi-based RM Salt, advised Al Jazeera.
“Undoubtedly, India is a giant market and has plenty of potential, however we need to ship the salt by doing value-addition and never in uncooked type. Our salt is already in enormous demand globally,” he stated.
Commerce decline
Commerce between the 2 nations has been reducing since a 2019 assault on safety forces in Pulwama, in Indian-administered Kashmir, wherein 40 safety personnel have been killed. In response, India revoked the non-discriminatory market standing – higher often called the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) standing – it had granted to Pakistan, which had ensured equal remedy between the commerce companions. It additionally imposed heavy tariffs of 200 % on imports from Pakistan.
In accordance with India’s Ministry of Commerce, the nation’s exports to Pakistan from April 2024 to January 2025 stood at $447.7m, whereas Pakistan’s exports to India throughout the identical interval have been a paltry $420,000.
In 2024, India imported about 642 metric tonnes of pink salt, which was far decrease than the 74,457 metric tonnes imported in 2018 – largely because of the excessive tariffs.
Previous to the most recent ban, India’s main exports to Pakistan included cotton, natural chemical compounds, spices, meals merchandise, prescription drugs, plastic articles and dairy merchandise. India usually imports copper articles, uncooked cotton, fruits, salt, minerals and a few speciality chemical compounds from Pakistan.
“The implementation of the heavy-duty had raised the import worth of the salt from 3.50 rupees [$0.041] per kilogramme to 24.50 rupees [$0.29] per kilogramme in 2019, though the salt was being routed from the third nation like Dubai,” dealer Kumar advised Al Jazeera.
“Nonetheless, it had not impacted our enterprise because the demand was too excessive, and patrons have been able to pay the value. However the authorities, this time, has additionally prohibited the entry of Pakistani items from any third nation, which has introduced the availability to a whole standstill,” he stated.
One uncommon trade that’s being harm by the ban is lamps made out of the Himalayan pink rock salt which can be used as ornamental lights and even tout unproven claims of being air purifiers.
“We have now to search for another nation if the availability of rock salt doesn’t come from Pakistan,” stated World Aroma founder Deep, who makes use of a single title. “The costs of the lamps had already elevated after the imposition of a 200 % tariff in 2019, and the procurement from another nation will result in additional escalation of value.”
