Is China quietly winning the AI race?

Each month, tons of of tens of millions of customers flock to Pinterest on the lookout for the newest types.

One paged titled “the most ridiculous things” is crammed with loads of wacky concepts to encourage creatives. Crocs repurposed as flower pots. Cheeseburger-shaped eyeshadow. A gingerbread home product of greens.

However what would-be patrons could not know is the tech behind this is not essentially US-made. Pinterest is experimenting with Chinese language AI fashions to hone its advice engine.

“We have successfully made Pinterest an AI-powered buying assistant,” the agency’s boss Invoice Prepared advised me.

In fact, the San Francisco-based tastemaker might use any variety of American AI labs to energy issues behind-the-scenes.

However because the launch of China’s DeepSeek R-1 mannequin in January 2025, Chinese language AI tech has more and more been part of Pinterest.

Prepared calls the so-called “DeepSeek second” a breakthrough.

“They selected to open supply it, and that sparked a wave of open supply fashions,” he mentioned.

Chinese language opponents embody Alibaba’s Qwen and Moonshot’s Kimi, whereas TikTok proprietor ByteDance can be engaged on related know-how.

Pinterest Chief Expertise Officer Matt Madrigal mentioned the energy of those fashions is that they are often freely downloaded and customised by firms like his – which isn’t the case with the vast majority of fashions supplied by US rivals like OpenAI, which makes ChatGPT.

“Open supply methods that we use to coach our personal in-house fashions are 30% extra correct than the main off-the-shelf fashions,” Madrigal mentioned.

And people improved suggestions come at a a lot decrease price, he mentioned, generally ninety % lower than utilizing the proprietary fashions favoured by US AI builders.

Pinterest is hardly the one US enterprise relying on AI tech from China.

These fashions are gaining traction throughout an array of Fortune 500 firms.

Airbnb boss Brian Chesky advised Bloomberg in October his firm relied “quite a bit” on Alibaba’s Qwen to energy its AI customer support agent.

He gave three easy causes – it is “excellent”, “quick” and “low-cost”.

Additional proof may be discovered on Hugging Face, the place folks go to obtain ready-made AI fashions – together with from main builders Meta and Alibaba.

Jeff Boudier, who builds merchandise on the platform, mentioned it’s the price issue that leads younger start-ups to take a look at Chinese language fashions over their US counterparts.

“For those who take a look at the highest trending fashions on Hugging Face – those which might be most downloaded and appreciated by the neighborhood – usually, Chinese language fashions from Chinese language labs occupy lots of the prime 10 spots,” he advised me.

“There are weeks the place 4 out of 5 prime coaching fashions on Hugging Face are from Chinese language labs.”

In September, Qwen topped Meta’s Llama to turn into essentially the most downloaded household of huge language fashions on the Hugging Face platform.

Meta released its open-source Llama AI fashions in 2023. Up till the discharge of DeepSeek and Alibaba’s fashions, they have been thought-about the go-to alternative for builders engaged on bespoke functions.

However the launch of Llama 4 final 12 months left builders underwhelmed, and Meta has reportedly been utilizing open-source fashions with Alibaba, Google, and OpenAI to coach a brand new mannequin set for launch this spring.

Airbnb additionally makes use of a number of fashions, together with US-based ones, internet hosting them securely within the firm’s personal infrastructure. The info isn’t offered to the builders of the AI fashions they use, in line with the corporate.

Going into 2025, the consensus was regardless of billions of {dollars} being spent by US tech corporations, Chinese language firms have been threatening to tug forward.

“That is not the story anymore,” Boudier mentioned. “Now, the very best mannequin is an open-source mannequin.”

A report revealed final month by Stanford College discovered Chinese language AI fashions “appear to have caught up and even pulled forward” of their international counterparts – each when it comes to what they’re able to, and the way many individuals are utilizing them.

In a current interview with the BBC, former UK deputy prime minister Sir Nick Clegg mentioned he felt US corporations have been overly centered on the pursuit of AI which can at some point surpass human intelligence.

Final 12 months, Sir Nick left his put up as head of worldwide affairs at Meta, the developer of Llama. Boss Mark Zuckerberg has dedicated billions of {dollars} to attaining what he calls “superintelligence.”

Some consultants are actually calling these ambitions obscure and ill-defined – giving China a gap to dominate the open-source AI house.

“This is the irony,” Sir Nick mentioned. Within the battle between “the world’s nice autocracy” and “the world’s best democracy” – China and America – China is “doing extra to democratise the know-how they’re competing over”.

The Stanford report additionally recommended China’s success in growing open-source fashions could possibly be partly defined by authorities assist.

On the opposite aspect of the world, US firms like OpenAI are underneath intense stress to extend income and turn into worthwhile – and is now turning to ads to assist get there.

The corporate launched two open-source fashions final summer time – its first in years. Nevertheless it has poured most of its sources into proprietary fashions to assist it earn a living.

OpenAI boss Sam Altman advised me in October it has invested aggressively into securing ever extra computing energy and infrastructure offers with companions.

“Income will develop tremendous quick, however you must count on us to speculate a ton in coaching, within the subsequent mannequin and the following and the following and the following,” he mentioned.